The return of monkey pox, ailment that has no cure, 39 years after
The current outbreak of monkeypox in Nigeria, which has now spread to seven states, is the third in the nation's history. There were a total of three human cases previously recorded in 1971 and 1978 according to the Centers for Disease Control, CDC. The virus was isolated for the first time from colonies of monkeys for research, hence the name "monkey pox". The
first recorded human case of monkey pox was in 1970 in the Democratic
Republic of the Congo during an intensified period of elimination of
smallpox. There were also
case reports in Liberia and Sierra Leone. The following year, 1971, there was one case in Cote d'Ivoire and two cases in Nigeria. Then, in 1976, there were two cases in Cameroon and again in Nigeria in 1978, a case was recorded. Since then, monkeypox has remained strictly a disease in the countries of central and western Africa, except in 2003, when 47 cases were reported in the United States. UU. The outbreak of EE. UU. 2003 is the only time that monkeypox infections in humans were documented outside Africa. Most affected had close contact with prairie dogs believed to have had contact with animals that were imported. The current outbreak in Nigeria is of West African origin and is associated with milder disease, fewer deaths and limited person-to-person transmission. Studies have shown that monkeypox virus can cause a deadly disease in humans and, although it is similar to humanpox that has been eradicated, it is much milder. A professor of virology and former president of the Nigerian Academy of Sciences, Professor Oyewale Tomori, described as a disgrace the inability of Nigeria to diagnose monkeypox. Tomori, who spoke to Sunday Vanguard of the United States, commented: "It is a shame for us in this country that, almost 60 years after our so-called independence, we still can not confirm a case of most diseases without sending our samples to laboratories abroad. "And abroad, are we talking about? Senegal! Just imagine. And there was a time when our laboratory system could confirm many of these diseases, now, none of these diseases can confirm. "We do not have adequate and well-equipped laboratory facilities to definitively confirm suspected cases. Samples were sent to Dakar and plans are being made to send additional samples to pox laboratories at the WHO Collaborating Center for Smallpox and Other Poxvirus Infections at the Center for Disease Control in Atlanta. " Causes Monkeypox is a rare disease caused by an infection with the monkeypox virus, which belongs to the same family of viruses that includes the variola virus (the cause of smallpox), the vaccinia virus (used in the vaccine against smallpox) and the smallpox virus. The natural reservoir remains unknown. However, African rodent species are expected to play a role in transmission. The monkeypox virus can cause a disease with a generalized vesicular rash of the skin, fever and swelling of the painful jaw. In previous outbreaks, it has caused death in approximately 1-10 percent of infected cases. There is no specific drug to treat the disease, but intensive care support helps patients to recover completely. Confirmation of suspicious cases We do not have appropriate and well-equipped laboratory facilities to definitively confirm suspicious cases. Samples were sent to Dakar and plans are being made to send additional samples to pox laboratories at the WHO Collaborating Center for Smallpox and other Poxvirus Infections at the Center for Disease Control in Atlanta. Quick Diffusion I think it is too early to say that we are having a rapid spread of the disease, since we do not have laboratory confirmation of reported cases from different states. However, this does not mean that the disease can not be spread easily, especially from an infected person. The largest outbreak The largest outbreak ever reported in Africa was the outbreak of DR Congo in 1996, with more than 70 cases. The outbreak lasted a year. During the outbreak, there was a significant association of human contact with the squirrel (trapping, preparing raw meat for cooking) and person-to-person transmission through direct contact with blood, body fluids or cutaneous or mucosal lesions of infected persons. In Africa, there are reports of human infections associated with the management of infected monkeys, rats and giant squirrels from Gambia, with rodents being the main reservoir of the virus. Eat meat improperly cooked
of infected animals is a possible risk factor. Cause of Concern There is definitely a danger and a concern, since between 1 and 10 percent of people infected with monkey pox can die, most deaths occur in younger age groups. However, we need to confirm the cases before thinking about declaring a national emergency. If we have to declare an emergency at all, it is declaring an emergency because of the poor state of national health. Otherwise, we will declare emergencies for each outbreak. And we have many in our country: Lassa, meningitis and forgiveness, and the most serious and devastating disease: corruption. There is no cure As long as the government has taken the appropriate steps and steps, alerting citizens, asking for calm, sending samples for laboratory tests, contacting international agencies to provide assistance, our national response is adequate. Unfortunately, there is no cure for the disease, although it is known that people who received the smallpox vaccine suffer from a mild form of the disease. But remember that vaccination against smallpox stopped in the 1980s, so if people born after that time get the disease, they are likely to suffer a severe form. What to do to prevent an infection First is to prevent the transmission of one animal to another through contact with any of the animals listed as natural hosts of the virus: monkeys, rodents, rats, squirrels, etc. Those who handle diseased animals, raw or infected tissues, should wear gloves and other appropriate protective clothing. We must thoroughly cook all products of animal origin (blood, meat) before eating. During an outbreak of monkeypox, we must avoid direct and direct contact with blood, body fluids, or cutaneous or mucosal lesions of an infected person. Since there is no specific vaccine or treatment for the disease, it should raise awareness of risk factors and educate people on the steps to be taken to reduce exposure to the virus. Also update our disease surveillance to quickly identify new cases and isolate them. We must implement standard infection control in our health facilities, while providing our health care workers with protective gloves and equipment when we care for sick people. We can not insist on the need to wash our hands regularly, especially after caring for or visiting sick people. Finally, we must keep our environment clean and free from invasion by rats and rodents.
case reports in Liberia and Sierra Leone. The following year, 1971, there was one case in Cote d'Ivoire and two cases in Nigeria. Then, in 1976, there were two cases in Cameroon and again in Nigeria in 1978, a case was recorded. Since then, monkeypox has remained strictly a disease in the countries of central and western Africa, except in 2003, when 47 cases were reported in the United States. UU. The outbreak of EE. UU. 2003 is the only time that monkeypox infections in humans were documented outside Africa. Most affected had close contact with prairie dogs believed to have had contact with animals that were imported. The current outbreak in Nigeria is of West African origin and is associated with milder disease, fewer deaths and limited person-to-person transmission. Studies have shown that monkeypox virus can cause a deadly disease in humans and, although it is similar to humanpox that has been eradicated, it is much milder. A professor of virology and former president of the Nigerian Academy of Sciences, Professor Oyewale Tomori, described as a disgrace the inability of Nigeria to diagnose monkeypox. Tomori, who spoke to Sunday Vanguard of the United States, commented: "It is a shame for us in this country that, almost 60 years after our so-called independence, we still can not confirm a case of most diseases without sending our samples to laboratories abroad. "And abroad, are we talking about? Senegal! Just imagine. And there was a time when our laboratory system could confirm many of these diseases, now, none of these diseases can confirm. "We do not have adequate and well-equipped laboratory facilities to definitively confirm suspected cases. Samples were sent to Dakar and plans are being made to send additional samples to pox laboratories at the WHO Collaborating Center for Smallpox and Other Poxvirus Infections at the Center for Disease Control in Atlanta. " Causes Monkeypox is a rare disease caused by an infection with the monkeypox virus, which belongs to the same family of viruses that includes the variola virus (the cause of smallpox), the vaccinia virus (used in the vaccine against smallpox) and the smallpox virus. The natural reservoir remains unknown. However, African rodent species are expected to play a role in transmission. The monkeypox virus can cause a disease with a generalized vesicular rash of the skin, fever and swelling of the painful jaw. In previous outbreaks, it has caused death in approximately 1-10 percent of infected cases. There is no specific drug to treat the disease, but intensive care support helps patients to recover completely. Confirmation of suspicious cases We do not have appropriate and well-equipped laboratory facilities to definitively confirm suspicious cases. Samples were sent to Dakar and plans are being made to send additional samples to pox laboratories at the WHO Collaborating Center for Smallpox and other Poxvirus Infections at the Center for Disease Control in Atlanta. Quick Diffusion I think it is too early to say that we are having a rapid spread of the disease, since we do not have laboratory confirmation of reported cases from different states. However, this does not mean that the disease can not be spread easily, especially from an infected person. The largest outbreak The largest outbreak ever reported in Africa was the outbreak of DR Congo in 1996, with more than 70 cases. The outbreak lasted a year. During the outbreak, there was a significant association of human contact with the squirrel (trapping, preparing raw meat for cooking) and person-to-person transmission through direct contact with blood, body fluids or cutaneous or mucosal lesions of infected persons. In Africa, there are reports of human infections associated with the management of infected monkeys, rats and giant squirrels from Gambia, with rodents being the main reservoir of the virus. Eat meat improperly cooked
of infected animals is a possible risk factor. Cause of Concern There is definitely a danger and a concern, since between 1 and 10 percent of people infected with monkey pox can die, most deaths occur in younger age groups. However, we need to confirm the cases before thinking about declaring a national emergency. If we have to declare an emergency at all, it is declaring an emergency because of the poor state of national health. Otherwise, we will declare emergencies for each outbreak. And we have many in our country: Lassa, meningitis and forgiveness, and the most serious and devastating disease: corruption. There is no cure As long as the government has taken the appropriate steps and steps, alerting citizens, asking for calm, sending samples for laboratory tests, contacting international agencies to provide assistance, our national response is adequate. Unfortunately, there is no cure for the disease, although it is known that people who received the smallpox vaccine suffer from a mild form of the disease. But remember that vaccination against smallpox stopped in the 1980s, so if people born after that time get the disease, they are likely to suffer a severe form. What to do to prevent an infection First is to prevent the transmission of one animal to another through contact with any of the animals listed as natural hosts of the virus: monkeys, rodents, rats, squirrels, etc. Those who handle diseased animals, raw or infected tissues, should wear gloves and other appropriate protective clothing. We must thoroughly cook all products of animal origin (blood, meat) before eating. During an outbreak of monkeypox, we must avoid direct and direct contact with blood, body fluids, or cutaneous or mucosal lesions of an infected person. Since there is no specific vaccine or treatment for the disease, it should raise awareness of risk factors and educate people on the steps to be taken to reduce exposure to the virus. Also update our disease surveillance to quickly identify new cases and isolate them. We must implement standard infection control in our health facilities, while providing our health care workers with protective gloves and equipment when we care for sick people. We can not insist on the need to wash our hands regularly, especially after caring for or visiting sick people. Finally, we must keep our environment clean and free from invasion by rats and rodents.
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